Lady Ruqayyah (also spelled Ruqayya) was the young daughter of Imam Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. According to Shi'a tradition, she was present at the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE (61 AH) and witnessed the martyrdom of her father and many of her family members. After the battle, she was taken captive along with the surviving women and children of the Prophet's household and was brought to Kufa and later to Damascus.

According to Shi'a accounts, while imprisoned in Damascus, the young Ruqayyah longed to see her father. When she was shown Imam Husayn's severed head, she was overcome with grief and passed away shortly afterward. She is believed to have been around three or four years old at the time of her death. Her shrine is located in Damascus, Syria, and is visited by many pilgrims.