One of al-Ghazālī’s most hopeful teachings is:

> No moral trait is unchangeable.

He explains:

bad character is the result of wrong practice,

good character is the result of correct practice.

Just as a person learns bad habits, he can unlearn them —

not through sermons, but through consistent action.

? Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn, Book: Breaking the Two Desires (Kasr al-Shahwatayn)